Introduction. Architecture and construction have always been important factors in the formation of the cultural, economic and social face of any region. This is especially true of the Carpathian region, a territory characterized by diverse natural conditions, rich history and unique traditions. The development of architecture in these lands took place in constant interaction with the natural environment, historical and political circumstances and social needs of the population. The study of this topic is relevant, as it makes it possible to trace the formation of architectural thought in the region, identify its features, determine the influence of external cultural factors and understand the role of the Carpathian region in the general context of the development of Ukrainian architecture. The article considers a wide range of issues related to the formation and transformation of the architectural environment of the Carpathian region. The stages of the development of architecture are highlighted — from the Old Russian period, when wooden sacral buildings dominated, to the Baroque, Classicism and Art Nouveau eras, which brought new forms and stylistic solutions to the region. Considerable attention is paid to folk architecture, which was formed under the influence of natural conditions and economic needs. Traditional wooden architecture of the Carpathians is a unique phenomenon that has become part of the cultural heritage not only of Ukraine, but also of Europe. Characteristic features are the use of local materials, organic integration with the landscape, as well as the symbolic fullness of architectural forms.
Purpose. A special place in the study is occupied by the sacred architecture of the region. Churches, monasteries and chapels constitute a significant part of the architectural heritage of the Carpathians. They not only performed religious functions, but also served as centers of education, culture and national identity. The wooden churches of the Hutsul region and Boykiv region, which are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, are examples of a unique architectural phenomenon. Their original compositional structure, decorative decoration and harmony with the natural environment have become a symbol of deep spirituality and high skill of local builders.
The influence of historical events and socio-economic processes on the development of architecture is separately analyzed. Periods of change of state ownership of the Carpathian region (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Austria-Hungary, Poland, USSR, modern Ukraine) brought different architectural traditions and styles. New forms of residential and public buildings appeared in cities and towns, engineering innovations were introduced, and urban space planning changed. Thus, during the period of Austrian rule, the styles of historicism, secession, and modernism were actively developed in the cities of the region, which gave them a European appearance.
Results. The current stage of development of architecture in the Carpathian region is characterized by a combination of traditional and innovative trends. On the one hand, there is an active restoration and preservation of architectural monuments, which is an important aspect of the formation of national identity and tourist attractiveness of the region. On the other hand, modern architects are trying to introduce new materials, technologies and concepts that meet the requirements of functionality, energy efficiency and sustainable development. The ideas of harmonizing architecture with the natural environment are becoming increasingly widespread, which is extremely important for mountainous and foothill areas.
Conclusions. Thus, the architecture and construction of the Carpathian region are a kind of reflection of the historical and cultural development of the region. They combine elements of folk traditions and European styles, reflect the spirituality, creative potential and the desire of the population to preserve their identity. The study of these processes allows not only to better understand the past, but also to form strategic guidelines for modern architectural development.
As a result of the analysis, it was proven that the architectural heritage of the Carpathian region is an important component of the cultural heritage of Ukraine. It forms the basis for the further development of architectural science, practice and the tourism industry. The preservation and popularization of this heritage should become one of the priority tasks of modern society.
