Introduction. The need for accelerated construction becomes particularly acute in the context of overcoming the consequences of emergencies, military conflicts, as well as during the deployment of large-scale industrial and logistics complexes in a short time. The traditional model of construction organization, which involves phased planning with long cycles of stock accumulation, has exhausted its potential in a dynamic environment, since it is unable to flexibly respond to the shortage of time resources. In this regard, the relevance of the study is due to the objective need to develop new models of logistics support that would allow transforming logistics from an auxiliary function into an intelligent driver of the production process.
The issue of logistics support for accelerated construction covers a number of critical challenges, the primary among which is the synchronization of supply and installation processes. In conditions of construction of objects in a short time, such as modular buildings or mobile hospitals, there is practically no time resource for warehousing, so any delay in delivery even for a few hours leads to downtime of equipment and personnel. This necessitates the transition to the Just-in-Time system, where materials are supplied «from the wheels» directly to the installation area.
In parallel, the problem of shortage of warehouse and maneuvering areas arises, since the high pace of work requires the simultaneous presence of a significant number of resources on the site. Excessive accumulation of materials leads to «overcrowding» of the territory, which blocks access roads and the operation of cranes; the solution to this problem is the creation of intermediate logistics hubs and consolidation centers outside the facility.
Objective. To develop a model of optimal organization of logistical support for accelerated construction of social infrastructure, aimed at minimizing the impact of logistical and resource constraints.
Materials and methods. Analytical: supply chain analysis: determination of all stages of material movement from the manufacturer to the site and identification of risk points. Comparative analysis: comparison of the cost and delivery terms of imported and domestic analogues; organizational modeling: modeling of «bottlenecks»: creation of a simulation model (network graph) to assess the impact of a delay in the delivery of critical material (concrete, reinforcement, sandwich panels) on the overall project duration.
Results. An attempt was made to identify and classify key logistics niches in the current construction supply chain. Organizational schemes that successfully use complete deliveries to minimize warehouse needs were analyzed. The economic feasibility of switching to domestic materials as a way to reduce dependence on international logistics was substantiated. Recommendations were developed for organizational planning of supplies in conditions of constantly changing security situations.
Conclusions. Analysis of the features of logistics organization allows us to state that in conditions of accelerated construction, the time factor becomes critical, as a result of which the logistics system ceases to play only a supporting role and becomes a strategic factor that determines the overall pace of work. In this regard, the transition to the Just-in-Time supply model appears as a prerequisite for avoiding production downtime and ensuring the continuity of installation processes. An important aspect of space optimization is the use of external consolidation centers (hubs), which is defined as the most effective way to solve the problem of space shortage at the construction site, ensuring high maneuverability of equipment and proper organization of access roads.
