Introduction. The article proposes a system of criteria for substantiating the feasibility of arranging dedicated lanes for public transport in the conditions of forming sustainable urban mobility systems.
Issues. In the process of implementing the concept of sustainable development of modern cities, taking into account the rapid growth in the number of individual transport, which negatively affects the provision of the required level of urban mobility, the development of sustainable types of mobility becomes particularly relevant. As is known, the latter include pedestrian and bicycle traffic, movement using ecological transport, transit-oriented design, vehicle rental, as well as urban public transport systems that are economical, contribute to the preservation of space and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle. At the same time, public transport, taking into account its carrying capacity, is considered as the main alternative to the use of individual cars. However, as the practice of implementing the relevant transport policy shows, in order to encourage residents and guests of the city to use public transport as a counterweight to individual cars, it is necessary to create special (priority) conditions for its movement. As is known, one of the typical problems of transport systems of modern cities is the overloading of the street and road network with transport traffic. As a result, the number of complications and traffic jams increases, which directly lead to a decrease in the speed of all types of street communication and an increase in the duration of residents' trips. One of the simplest ways to solve such a problem can be considered the arrangement of dedicated lanes for public transport.
The purpose of the work is to substantiate the feasibility of implementing and developing a system of criteria for the arrangement of dedicated lanes for street public transport on the city's street and road network, which should become a relatively simple and sufficiently effective infrastructure element in the formation of sustainable urban mobility systems.
Materials and methods. During the study, a comprehensive approach was used, based on the analysis of regulatory developments regarding the establishment of requirements for the design and construction of elements of the transport infrastructure of settlements in our country (in particular, regarding the allocation of lanes for public transport), as well as taking into account national and foreign experience in the implementation and operation of such lanes. To study the factors that determine the feasibility of arranging such lanes, the work used analytical methods. Analysis of the results obtained allowed us to formulate conceptual foundations for substantiating the feasibility of arranging dedicated lanes for public transport in the context of increasing the overall efficiency of city logistics of a modern city.
Results. The work analyzed the main practical methods for substantiating the feasibility of arranging dedicated lanes for street public transport and proposed conceptual foundations for the formation of a system of relevant criteria. The specified system includes six main criteria: intensity of public transport traffic; traffic congestion and conditions on the site; road safety; socio-economic factors; ensuring spatial orientation; environmental friendliness. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies for the development of sustainable urban mobility systems.
Conclusions. In the process of implementing the concept of sustainable development of modern cities, the priority development of sustainable types of mobility is of particular relevance, among which public transport occupies an important place. The arrangement of dedicated lanes for public transport in conditions of general overload of the street and road network by the movement of all types of street transport will allow to accelerate the movement of route vehicles and increase the level of reliability (predictability) of the corresponding movements of city residents. Thus, the presence of dedicated lanes for public transport not only corresponds to the principles of forming sustainable urban mobility systems, but also increases the level of efficiency of using elements of the city's transport infrastructure, since the carrying capacity of sections of the street and road network increases without a physical increase in the total number of traffic lanes.
Based on the results of the analysis conducted in the work, conceptual foundations for the formation of a system of criteria for arranging dedicated lanes for public transport traffic are proposed, general methodological approaches to making appropriate decisions based on these criteria are determined, as well as directions for further research on the organization and technology of priority movement of route vehicles in the cities of Ukraine.
