Features of the road construction development in the Republic of Kazakhstan

published:
Number: Issue 21(2020)
Section: Construction and civil engineering
The page spacing of the article: 130-137
Keywords: international corridors, length of roads, public roads, traffic intensity, type of coverage
How to quote an article: Darkhan Sakanov Features of the road construction development in the Republic of Kazakhstan // Dorogi і mosti [Roads and bridges]. – 2020. – Iss. 21. – P. 130-137. [in English].

Authors

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-0761

Summary

Introduction. The geographical location of the Republic of Kazakhstan makes it a natural crossroad for the main transit corridors and creates favorable conditions for the use of transport routes of emerging transcontinental routes in Asia-Europe communications. According to the assessment of international analytical institutions, the volume of trade between the European Union and the Asia-Pacific region, especially China, will reach $ 1 trillion in the near future. At present, only 1 % of the total volume of these cargoes falls on the EEU international transport corridors.

Topic. The location and territorial dimensions of the republic, which does not have access to the open sea, occur a number of problems in the means of transport communications: low density of roads — 0.035 km/km2, large distances between settlements ― on average, the distance between regional centers is about 1400 km, the remoteness of the base productions from markets. For this reason, the economy of Kazakhstan is characterized by a high transport component, while more than 80 % of the freight transported by land transport. Over the past decade, investments in the transport sector accounted for about 30 % of the republican volume of fixed capital investments, which is explained by an increase in budget investments in transport due to the high multiplier effect on economic growth and employment.

Goal. The goal is a development of roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of developed strategic documents with the possibility of identifying priority of roads of road of state status, which are considered the main ones for ensuring inter-regional communication with the subsequent inclusion of these roads in the main republican road network, which will be converted into I or II technical categories.

Materials and methods. In accordance with one of the directions of the Nurly Zhol State Infrastructure Development Program for 2020–2025, the development of transit transport infrastructure will be carried with consideration of regional integration initiatives, including the One Belt – One Way initiative. Within 5 years, the Program will implement investment projects for the construction and reconstruction of 6.9 thousand km of roads of international and national significance.

Results. The result is the necessity of consideration the socio-economic and territorial development of the Republic with a forecast of simple traffic on highways within 3 % per year. As well as the focusing on topical issues of the quality of road structures and their compliance with increasing transport traffic.

References

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